Executive Branch

Enforces the Laws

Key Facts

Who
The President, Vice President, Cabinet, and federal agencies
Term
4 years, maximum 2 terms (22nd Amendment).

About the Executive Branch

The Executive Branch carries out and enforces the laws passed by Congress. Headed by the President, it includes the Vice President, the Cabinet (heads of 15 executive departments), and hundreds of federal agencies.

Key Powers

  • Sign or veto legislation
  • Command the armed forces
  • Issue executive orders
  • Negotiate treaties
  • Appoint federal judges
  • Appoint Cabinet secretaries
  • Grant pardons for federal crimes
  • Deliver the State of the Union
  • Call special sessions of Congress

Checks and Balances

How the Executive Branch checks the others:

LegislativeVeto legislation, call special sessions, recommend legislation
JudicialNominate federal judges, grant pardons

How the other branches check the Executive:

LegislativeOverride vetoes (2/3 vote), control funding, confirm appointments, impeach the president
JudicialDeclare executive actions unconstitutional, issue injunctions

Explore Other Branches